Increase in Contained Gold and Silver at Pearse North
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
ASX/Media Announcement
7 May 2024
Increase in Contained Gold and Silver at Pearse North
Updated open pit mineral resource estimate at Mineral Hill
Highlights
•
MRE for Pearse North increased for gold and silver by 30% and 67% respectively to 292kt @
3.2 g/t Au and 34 g/t Ag for 30 koz of gold and 318 koz of silver.
•
Greater confidence in the deposit’s continuity: Review of the orientation of mineralisation shows
greater spatial continuity than previously modelled.
•
Optimising the mine plan for current gold prices: The planned pit design is being re-optimised to
take advantage of current gold prices.
Kingston Resources Limited (ASX:KSN) (“Kingston’, or ‘The Company’) is pleased to announce an updated
JORC 2012 Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) for the Pearse North of 292kt @ 3.2 g/t Au and 34 g/t Ag for
30,000 oz of gold and 318,000 oz of silver. This update is supported by additional drilling data that was
acquired in 2023 and the refinement of the geological interpretation.
In comparison to the 2022 MRE for Pearse North, contained gold and silver has increased 30% and 67%
respectively. This update presents a significant opportunity to take advantage of recent momentum in the
gold price. Mining at Pearse North is scheduled to commence in the current quarter.
An update of the pit optimisation and mine design with this MRE is currently underway. Gold and silver
production from the Pearse pits is expected to have a material impact on Kingston’s balance sheet. Further
updates will be provided when the updated mining schedule is finalised. The refurbishment of the processing
plant is progressing on time and budget in readiness for treatment of the gold ore from the Pearse deposits.
Table 1: Pearse North Mineral Resource Estimate at 1.0g/t Au Cut Off
Classification
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Tonnes kt
270
22
292
Grade Au g/t
3.2
2.9
3.2
Grade Ag g/t
34.2
29.1
33.9
Metal Au koz
28
2
30
Metal Ag koz
297
21
318
* Due to rounding to appropriate significant figures, minor discrepancies may occur, tonnages are dry metric tonnes.
Kingston Resources Managing Director, Andrew Corbett, comments:
“We are excited about the transition from tailings mining to open pit mining at our Pearse North Project. This
shift will allow us to significantly expand our gold production over the coming year, while also increasing
operating cash flow. The high-grade nature of the pits and the momentum in the gold price provide a strong
backdrop for maximising margins from this highly lucrative resource.
The entire technical team has done a fantastic job ensuring the Project has access to high-quality Mineral
Resources and Ore Reserves necessary to support a successful Mine Plan.”
ASX: KSN
Shares on Issue: 633.7M
Market Cap: A$42.5M
Cash: (8 April 2024) A$10.7m
202/201 Miller Street,
North Sydney, NSW 2060
+61 2 8021 7492
info@kingstonresources.com.au
www.kingstonresources.com.au
@KSNResources
Mineral Resource Estimate
The Pearse North deposit at Mineral Hill is interpreted to be a stacked set of shear-hosted gold-silver (AuAg) lodes within the Late Silurian to Early Devonian Mineral Hill Volcanics. The sulphide mineralisation,
comprising predominantly pyrite, arsenopyrite and stibnite, is typically disseminated within quartz-mica
(sericite) schist.
The modelling of the mineralisation at Pearse North has been revised, using the drill hole data acquired by
Kingston in the 2023 geotechnical drilling program. The significant intercepts in this round of drilling showed
that the lodes have a steeper dip and greater continuity along strike than previously interpreted.
The geometry of mineralisation was interpreted by creating 3D wireframe models using a 0.5g/t Au lower
cutoff (previously 2g/t) leading to a better defined lode model and associated significant increase in tonnage
and contained metal. Grade estimation was undertaken using ordinary kriging estimate methodology into a
3D block model.
Figure 1: Plan view of the Pearse North mineralisation wireframes.
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2
Classification of the MRE into confidence categories has been completed based on distance to samples and
the average slope of regression. Indicated portions have a distance to the nearest sample of <25m and a
slope of regression > 0.7, while Inferred portions have an average distance to samples > 30m and slope of
regression < 0.6. Mineral Resources are reported at a 1.0g/t Au cut off within a Whittle optimisation shell
using metal pricing of AUD$3200/oz for gold, AUD$37/oz for silver, and cost and recovery data sourced from
the operation at Mineral Hill.
Drilling methods in the dataset comprise reverse circulation (RC) and diamond core (DDH). Reverse
circulation drilling samples were collected at 1m intervals directly from the rig cyclone (with a cone splitter
attached). The diamond core was cut and sampled, with half core sample lengths ranging from 0.3m to 1.0m.
Samples were analysed at SGS laboratory using Multi element 4-acid digest and gold by Fire Assay technique
with an Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) instrument finish. KSN utilised QAQC in the form of standards,
blanks and duplicates to ensure all data was of suitable quality for inclusion in the estimate. No specific
metallurgical assumptions were made in the preparation of this MRE.
Pearse North is scheduled to be mined in parallel with Pearse South, which also contains a high grade gold
and silver resource. The Mineral Resources for Pearse South are shown in Error! Reference source not
found..
Table 2 Pearse South Mineral Resource Estimate at 1.0g/t Au Cut Off (see KSN Announcement 15 March 2023).
Classification
Indicated
Inferred
Total
Tonnes kt
164
40
204
Grade Au g/t
4.1
2.4
3.8
Grade Ag g/t
85.3
5.0
69.0
Metal Au koz
22
3
25
Metal Ag koz
451
6
457
* Due to rounding to appropriate significant figures, minor discrepancies may occur, tonnages are dry metric tonnes.
A
B
Figure 2: Cross section looking northwest (+-10m section window). Updated mineralisation wireframes (green) versus the previous
wireframes (hatched red).
Information relating to the MRE is consistent with ASX Listing Rule 5.8.1 & 5.9.1 requirements. Further details
are provided in JORC Table 1, which is included as Appendix A.
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Figure 3: Pearse North plan view at 290mRL (+-10m section window).
www.kingstonresources.com.au
4
ABOUT KINGSTON RESOURCES
Kingston Resources is currently producing gold from its Mineral Hill gold and copper mine in NSW and is
developing the 3.8Moz Misima Gold Project in PNG. The Company’s objective is to establish itself as a midtier gold and base metals company with multiple producing assets.
Mineral Hill Mine, NSW (100%)
•
•
•
•
•
Mine plan out to the end of 2027: Open pit and underground mining.
Significant upside: Current life of mine only utilises 22% of the current 8.9Mt of Mineral
Resources.
Infrastructure excellence: Extensive existing infrastructure with all permits and approvals
in place.
Exploration potential: Exceptional upside within current Mining Leases (ML) and
Exploration Licenses (EL).
Current Focus: Completion of the Tailings Project gold production, transitioning to open
pit mining at Pearse and production of concentrate for sale.
Misima Gold Project, PNG (100%)
•
•
•
•
•
DFS Validation: potential for a robust, scalable, and low-cost open pit operation.
Production Potential: Anticipated gold production of ~2.4Moz over a 20-Year Mine Life
(Avg. 128kozpa).
Strong Financial Viability: Pre-Tax Net Present Value (NPV) of A$956 Million (based on
a US$1,800/oz Gold Price).
Gold Price Upside: Highly leveraged to the upside of the gold price, amplifying potential
returns.
Current Focus: Prioritising ESIA reports, strategic funding & development strategies.
Mineral Hill is a gold and copper mine located in the Cobar Basin of NSW. In June 2023, the company
updated its life of mine plan, including both open pit and underground mining until 2027. The processing plant
currently operates a CIL, and work is well advanced to recommission the existing crushing, grinding and
flotation circuits for copper, lead and zinc concentrate production. In addition to current production, the
company is focused on meeting near mine production targets located on the existing MLs. The aim is to
extend the mine’s life through organic growth and consider regional deposits that could be processed at
Mineral Hill’s processing plant.
Misima hosts a JORC Resource of 3.8Moz Au and an Ore Reserve of 1.73Moz. Placer Pacific operated
Misima as a profitable open pit mine between 1989 and 2001, producing over 3.7Moz before it was closed
when the gold price was below US$300/oz. The Misima Project also offers great potential for additional
resource growth through exploration success targeting extensions and additions to the current Resource
base.
For further information regarding the Misima Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimate, see ASX
announcements on 24 November 2020 and 15 September 2021 and 6 June 2022. Further information is
included within the original announcements.
The Mineral Hill Mineral Resource estimate outlined below was released in ASX announcements on 18
November 2021 (TSF), 15 March 2023 (Pearse South and Pearse North), 24 November 2022 (Southern Ore
Zone), 21 March 2023 (Jack’s Hut) and 13 September 2011(Parkers Hill by KBL). The Ore Reserve estimate
outlined below was released in ASX announcements on 18 November 2021 (TSF), 15 March 2023 (Pearse
South and Pearse North). Further information is included within the original announcements.
Kingston is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the information included in this
announcement. All material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the Mineral Resources and
Ore Reserve estimates continue to apply and have not materially changed.
www.kingstonresources.com.au
5
This release has been authorised by the Kingston Resources Limited Board. For all enquiries, please contact Managing Director,
Andrew Corbett, on +61 2 8021 7492.
MINERAL RESOURCES AND ORE RESERVES
Misima JORC 2012 Mineral Resource & Ore Reserve summary table
Resource Category
Cut-off (g/t Au)
Tonnes (Mt)
Gold Grade (g/t Au)
Silver Grade (g/t Ag)
Au (Moz)
Ag (Moz)
Indicated
0.3
97.7
0.79
4.3
2.5
13.4
Inferred
0.3
71.3
0.59
3.8
1.4
8.7
Total
0.3
169
0.71
4.1
3.8
22.1
Reserve
Cut-off (g/t Au)
Tonnes (Mt)
Gold Grade (g/t Au)
Silver Grade (g/t Ag)
Au (Moz)
Ag (Moz)
Probable
0.3
75.6
0.79
4.2
1.73
4.1
Mineral Hill JORC 2012 & JORC 2004 Mineral Resource & Ore Reserve summary table
Resource
Category
Measured
Tonnes
(kt)
228
Gold
Grade
(g/t)
2.11
Silver
Grade
(g/t)
11
Cu %
1.3%
Pb %
0.5%
Zn %
0.3%
Au (koz)
15
Ag (koz)
80
Cu (kt)
3
Pb (kt)
1.2
Zn (kt)
0.7
Indicated
4,893
1.08
28
1.2%
1.7%
1.1%
169
4,361
47
70
42
Inferred
3,098
1.17
23
0.7%
1.4%
1.2%
117
2,253
22
42
38
Total
8,220
1.14
27
1.0%
1.6%
1.1%
302
6,693
72
113
81
Reserve
Category
Proved
Tonnes
(kt)
-
Gold
Grade
(g/t)
0.00
Silver
Grade
(g/t)
0
Cu %
Pb %
Zn %
Au (koz)
-
Ag (koz)
0
Cu (kt)
Pb (kt)
Zn (kt)
Probable
697
1.95
57
44
470
Total
697
1.95
57
44
470
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Due to rounding to appropriate significant figures, minor discrepancies may occur, tonnages are dry metric tonnes.
Probable Ore Reserves are derived from Indicated Mineral Resources.
The Ore Reserves do not include, or depend upon, Inferred Mineral Resources.
The Ore Reserves form part of the Mineral Resources.
Total Mineral Resources account for mining depletion of the Tailings Project as at 23 April 2024
Competent Persons Statement and Disclaimer
The information in this report that relates to Exploration Results and Mineral Resources is based on information compiled by Mr.
Stuart Hayward BAppSc (Geology) MAIG, a Competent Person who is a member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Mr.
Hayward is an employee of the Company. Mr. Hayward has sufficient experience that is relevant to the style of mineralisation and
type of deposit under consideration and to the activity being undertaken to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012
Edition of the “Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves”. Mr. Hayward confirms
that the information in the market announcement provided is an accurate representation of the available data and studies for the
material mining project and consents to the inclusion in this report of the matters based upon the information in the form and context
in which it appears.
The Competent Person signing off on the overall Misima Ore Reserves Estimate is Mr John Wyche BE (Min Hon), of Australian Mine
Design and Development Pty Ltd, who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and who has sufficient
relevant experience in operations and consulting for open pit metalliferous mines. Mr Wyche consents to the inclusion in this report
of the information pertaining to the Misima Ore Reserve in the form and context in which it appears.
The Competent Person signing off on the overall Pearse Opencut Ore Reserves Estimate is Mr John Wyche BE (Min Hon), of
Australian Mine Design and Development Pty Ltd, who is a Fellow of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and who has
sufficient relevant experience in operations and consulting for open pit metalliferous mines. Mr Wyche consents to the inclusion in
this report of the information pertaining to the Pearse Opencut Ore Reserve in the form and context in which it appears.
www.kingstonresources.com.au
6
ASX/Media Announcement
7 May 2024
Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results
(Criteria listed in the preceding section also apply to this section).
JORC Code
explanation
Criteria
Mineral
tenement and
land tenure
status
•
•
Commentary
Type, reference name/number, location
and ownership including agreements or
material issues with third parties such as
joint ventures, partnerships, overriding
royalties, native title interests, historical
sites, wilderness or national park and
environmental settings.
The security of the tenure held at the time
of reporting along with any known
impediments to obtaining a licence to
operate in the area.
•
• Quintana holds a 2% Net Smelter Return (NSR) royalty over production at the
Mineral Hill Mine.
Exploration
done by other
parties
•
Acknowledgment and appraisal of
exploration by other parties.
•
Coincident Au-As soil anomalism and low-grade Au-Ag mineralisation was
discovered at Pearse North by Triako Resources Ltd in the 1990s. 50m+ spaced
drilling at the prospect by Triako during the period 1999-2005 included several
intercepts of significant Au grade. Follow-up drilling by KBL Mining Ltd in 2010
served to better define a number of high grade lenses at the prospect. KBL released
a Resource and Reserve in 2016 incorporating new drill results and geology
modelling.
JORC Code
explanation
Criteria
Commentary
Geology
•
Deposit type, geological setting and style
of mineralisation.
• The Pearse North deposit at Mineral Hill is interpreted to be a shear-hosted Au-Ag
within the Late Silurian to Early Devonian Mineral Hill Volcanics, a pile of proximal
rhyolitic volcaniclastic rocks with minor reworked volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks.
The sulphide mineralisation, comprising predominantly pyrite, arsenopyrite and
stibnite, is typically disseminated within quartz-mica (sericite) schist. At the Pearse
deposit to the south, analysis by Laser Ablation ICP-MS has found that fine-grained
gold is mostly concentrated in arsenopyrite and fine-grained ‘spongy’ (melnikovite)
pyrite with lower concentrations of gold hosted by crystalline pyrite. Petrological
analysis of drill core confirms that mineralisation at Pearse North has similar
characteristics to that at Pearse South.
Drill hole
Information
•
A summary of all information material to
the understanding of the exploration
results including a tabulation of the
following information for all Material drill
holes:
o easting and northing of the drill hole
collar
o elevation or RL (Reduced Level –
elevation above sea level in metres)
of the drill hole collar
o dip and azimuth of the hole
o down hole length and interception
depth
o hole length.
If the exclusion of this information is
justified on the basis that the information
is not Material and this exclusion does
not detract from the understanding of the
report, the Competent Person should
clearly explain why this is the case.
In reporting Exploration Results,
weighting averaging techniques,
maximum and/or minimum grade
truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades)
and cut-off grades are usually Material
and should be stated.
Where aggregate intercepts incorporate
short lengths of high grade results and
• Drill hole information previously reported in KSN Release 2023.09.05 High Grade
results PN Drilling
• Exploration results not being reported
•
Data
aggregation
methods
•
•
www.kingstonresources.com.au
• Exploration results not being reported
8
JORC Code
explanation
Criteria
•
Relationship
between
mineralisation
widths and
intercept
lengths
•
Diagrams
•
Balanced
reporting
•
Other
substantive
exploration
data
•
•
•
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longer lengths of low grade results, the
procedure used for such aggregation
should be stated and some typical
examples of such aggregations should be
shown in detail.
The assumptions used for any reporting
of metal equivalent values should be
clearly stated.
These relationships are particularly
important in the reporting of Exploration
Results.
If the geometry of the mineralisation with
respect to the drill hole angle is known,
its nature should be reported.
If it is not known and only the down hole
lengths are reported, there should be a
clear statement to this effect (e.g. ‘down
hole length, true width not known’).
Appropriate maps and sections (with
scales) and tabulations of intercepts
should be included for any significant
discovery being reported These should
include, but not be limited to a plan view
of drill hole collar locations and
appropriate sectional views.
Where comprehensive reporting of all
Exploration Results is not practicable,
representative reporting of both low and
high grades and/or widths should be
practiced to avoid misleading reporting of
Exploration Results.
Other exploration data, if meaningful and
material, should be reported including
(but not limited to): geological
observations; geophysical survey results;
geochemical survey results; bulk samples
– size and method of treatment;
metallurgical test results; bulk density,
groundwater, geotechnical and rock
characteristics; potential deleterious or
Commentary
• 98% of drilling was approximately perpendicular to the overall strike of mineralisation.
• Geotechnical drill holes were orientated at oblique angles to the mineralised trend but
normal to potential pit wall design orientations.
• Exploration results not being reported
• See the body of reports for maps, diagrams, and tabulations.
• Exploration results not being reported
• Arsenic, Antimony and Sulphur are deleterious elements at Pearse North. These
values are consistent with those previously reported and within the current Resource
Estimate and have not been reported as they are deemed immaterial for the purpose
of this release.
9
JORC Code
explanation
Criteria
Further work
•
•
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contaminating substances.
The nature and scale of planned further
work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or
depth extensions or large-scale step-out
drilling).
Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of
possible extensions, including the main
geological interpretations and future
drilling areas, provided this information is
not commercially sensitive.
Commentary
• Exploration results not being reported
10
Section 3 Estimation and Reporting of Mineral Resources – Pearse North
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Database
CRITERIA
•
integrity
•
Site visits
•
•
Geological
interpretation
•
•
•
•
•
Dimensions
•
www.kingstonresources.com.au
Commentary
Measures taken to ensure that data has not
been corrupted by, for example, transcription
or keying errors, between its initial collection
and its use for Mineral Resource estimation
purposes.
Data validation procedures used.
• Database is maintained by KSN who compile and validate all data files on the project.
• Cube completed validation checks on the database including checks for overlapping
sample intervals, checks on minimum and maximum assays, depths, azimuths, dips and
co-ordinates for consistency. No material errors were identified.
Comment on any site visits undertaken by
the Competent Person and the outcome of
those visits.
If no site visits have been undertaken
indicate why this is the case.
Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty
of) the geological interpretation of the mineral
deposit.
Nature of the data used and of any
assumptions made.
The effect, if any, of alternative
interpretations on Mineral Resource
estimation.
The use of geology in guiding and controlling
Mineral Resource estimation.
The factors affecting continuity both of grade
and geology.
• The Competent Person for the Mineral Resource estimate is Stuart Hayward who has
conducted site visits on multiple occasions and reviewed drill core from Pearse North.
• The resource geologist conducting the mineral resource estimation (Andrew White) has
conducted multiple site visits.
The extent and variability of the Mineral
Resource expressed as length (along strike
or otherwise), plan width, and depth below
surface to the upper and lower limits of the
Mineral Resource.
• The geological confidence is considered to be moderate to high.
• The mineralised volume at Pearse North has been based on a drill section interpretation
of mineralisation defined by a lower limit gold grade of 0.2 g/t Au, along with the
observed close association between mineralisation and the structural interpretations.
• Nine mineralisation domains have been defined including a low-grade domain defined by
all Au assay values above a 0.2 g/t cut-off. Internal to this domain are eight high-grade
domains included Au values above a 0.5 g/t cut-off. These domains represent clearly
defined breaks in the mineralisation and represent the spatial geometry and continuity of
mineralised structures.
• Drill hole spacing within the main resource area was mostly completed on a 20 metre by
20 metre drill pattern.
• The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology are most likely to be
associated with structural controls and local complexity. The broad approach to the
mineralisation modelling is an attempt to model an unbiased interpretation.
• The geological model has improved since the 2022 MRE through a process of implicit
modelling of Au-As-Sb and other associated elements, that was conditioned by
geological mapping, drill core observations, and orientated structures in drill core;
followed by explicit modelling/domain interpretation. A greater degree of confidence has
been achieved.
• The high grade gold mineralisation identified varies from 5 m to 50 m in width and goes
to a depth of 150 m below surface along the 225 m strike length drilled to date. The zone
strikes 5⁰ to the north-east and dips steeply to the west.
11
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Estimation
CRITERIA
and modelling
techniques
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
www.kingstonresources.com.au
The nature and appropriateness of the
estimation technique(s) applied and key
assumptions, including treatment of extreme
grade values, domaining, interpolation
parameters and maximum distance of
extrapolation from data points. If a computer
assisted estimation method was chosen
include a description of computer software
and parameters used.
The availability of check estimates, previous
estimates and/or mine production records
and whether the Mineral Resource estimate
takes appropriate account of such data.
The assumptions made regarding recovery
of by- products.
Estimation of deleterious elements or other
non-grade variables of economic significance
(e.g. sulphur for acid mine drainage
characterization).
In the case of block model interpolation, the
block size in relation to the average sample
spacing and the search employed.
In the case of block model interpolation, the
block size in relation to the average sample
spacing and the search employed.
Any assumptions behind modelling of
selective mining units.
Any assumptions about correlation between
variables.
Description of how the geological
interpretation was used to control the
resource estimates.
Discussion of basis for using or not using
grade cutting or capping.
The process of validation, the checking
process used, the comparison of model data
to drill hole data, and use of reconciliation
data if available.
Commentary
• Grade estimation for Gold, Silver, Arsenic, Sulphur and Antimony were completed using
Micromine software. Geostatistical analysis and variography were completed using
Snowden’s Supervisor v8 software.
• Using parameters derived from modelled variograms Au, Ag, As, S and Sb grade data
were interpolated into 10 mE x 10 mN x 5 mRL sized panels using Ordinary Kriging
(OK). Surpac software was used for the estimations. Three dimensional mineralised
wireframes were used to domain the data. Sample data was composited to 1 m down
hole lengths using the best fit method.
• The influence of extreme grade values was addressed by reducing high outlier values by
applying top-cuts to the data and constraining their influence to 15m during estimation.
These top-cut values were determined through statistical analysis (histograms, log
probability plots, coefficients of variation and summary multi-variate and bi-variate
statistics). A visual 3D inspection of the relative location of grade outliers and highergrade samples was conducted.
• Down hole and directional variograms were modelled using normal score
transformations of the skewed data sets for each element. Nuggets were low to
moderate. Variogram analysis was confined to the main lodes with parameters applied to
adjacent lodes and search ellipse parameters adjusted to match the individual lode
geometry.
• Scatter plots and regression analysis was completed on the main domains to review the
relationship between the Au and Ag, As, S and Sb variables. Due to the low-to-moderate
correlation Cube has used separate variograms for the variables for each domain;
however, the search parameters are the same to ensure some level of consistency
between Au, Ag, As, S and Sb interpolations.
• Work was undertaken in the previous estimate using kriging neighbourhood analysis
(KNA) on several test areas within the domains to determine the optimal parent block
size and number of informing samples for estimation. A minimum of 8 and maximum of
16 samples per block were used for the estimation The ellipsoid search parameters were
based on the variogram ranges, with the search ellipse dimensions similar to the
variogram range, with anisotropies retained. Hard boundaries were used between the
high and low grade domains for the estimate.
• Octant restrictions were not used, and estimates were into parent blocks, not sub-blocks.
Search ellipse rotation directions were the same as for the variograms. A first pass of 40
m was used with 82% of blocks in the main lodes estimating on the first pass. A second
pass was used to fill remaining blocks which doubled the search distance but maintained
all other parameters. Distance limiting (15m) was used to ensure high grade values
didn’t have a greater spatial influence than is warranted.
• A three-step process was used to validate the model. A qualitative assessment was
12
Criteria
JORC Code explanation
Commentary
completed by slicing sections through the block model in positions coincident with
drilling. A quantitative assessment of the estimate was completed by comparing the
average grades of the declustered composite file input against the block model output for
all the resource objects. A trend analysis was completed by comparing the interpolated
blocks to the sample composite data within the main lodes. This analysis was completed
for strike, cross-strike and elevations across the main lodes at each deposit. Validation
plots showed good correlation between the composite grades and the block model
grades.
CRITERIA
Moisture
•
Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry
basis or with natural moisture, and the
method of determination of the moisture
content.
• Tonnages and grades were estimated on a dry in situ basis. No moisture values were
reviewed.
Cut-off
parameters
•
The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or
quality parameters applied.
Mining factors
or
assumptions
•
Assumptions made regarding possible
mining methods, minimum mining
dimensions and internal (or, if applicable,
external) mining dilution. It is always
necessary as part of the process of
determining reasonable prospects for
eventual economic extraction to consider
potential mining methods, but the
assumptions made regarding mining
methods and parameters when estimating
Mineral Resources may not always be
rigorous. Where this is the case, this should
be reported with an explanation of the basis
• A nominal lower cut-off grade of 0.2 g/t Au was used to define the mineralised envelope
that encompasses the complete mineralised distribution and produce a model that
reduces the risk of conditional bias that could be introduced where the constraining
interpretation and data selection is based on a significantly higher grade than the natural
geological grade cut-off.
• The cut-off grade for reporting (above 1.0 g/t Au) was used in line with the previous
resource reporting and is based on the results of Whittle optimisation shells using cost
and recovery data sourced from the operation at Mineral Hill.
• Open pit mining optimi
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